National Times June 29, 2012
Australia's relative economic prosperity and low jobless rate have transformed us into a destination of choice for economic migrants and refugees alike. If you think that's a problem, let me set you straight.
One in four Australians alive today was born overseas, according to the latest census results. In Sydney, it's one in three. Migration has not only contributed to Australia's economic success over the years but is the cornerstone of the brilliantly vibrant and diverse cultures in our local communities that are rarely reflected in our national debates.
While other advanced nations struggle to attract workers to their recession-ridden economies, Australia stands out as a country experiencing above-average migration growth, according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development's ''International Migration Outlook'', released this week.
Problem? Far from it.
''[The] positive role of migration in maintaining the size of the labour force in many countries is expected to become more important as more baby boomers retire,'' the report states. ''By 2015, immigration - at the current level - will not be sufficient to maintain the working-age population in many OECD countries, especially in the European Union.''
One of the defining global narratives of the coming decades will be the struggle of ageing nations to rejuvenate their populations and provide for the needs of their elderly. But here in Australia we force young, willing hands in nearby countries to board leaky boats to take their chances in a cruel sea. That is not only morally shameful, it's economically stupid.
Figures from the same OECD report prove decisively that job gains for migrants do not come at the expense of existing Australians.
Across the first half of the noughties, the employment-to-population ratio for foreign-born Australian men averaged 73.2 per cent. The average for native-born Australian men was substantially higher, at 78.8 per cent.
In the second half, this gap shrank. The average employment-to-population ratio for foreign-born men advanced to 76.3 per cent. But this did not come at the expense of the native-born, who saw their ratio also increase, to 80 per cent.
Because, for all the focus on asylum seekers, Australia's overall migration program is heavily focused on filling existing skills shortages and, hence, is skewed towards younger working people. Australia's total migration and humanitarian intake was 182,500 people last financial year. Of these, most - 92 per cent - came from the migration program.
Just 8 per cent, or 13,799 visas, were granted under the humanitarian program. Of these, most - 8971 - were granted to people seeking asylum from an offshore location. The number granted to people who had made their way to Australia first, by boat or plane, was 4828.
Australia's refugee intake is not only small compared to its total migration intake, but also compared to the number of people who would like to seek asylum here. Australia received 54,396 offshore applications for humanitarian visas last year, meaning for every successful one, five others went unanswered.
Is it any surprise people get on boats? With such an undersupply of places relative to demand, a black market in people smuggling is the only natural result.
It seems distasteful, somehow, to apply an economic framework to a such a morally charged policy issue as asylum seekers. It is governments, after all, not markets, that decide the supply of migration places.
But people smugglers are a good example of the economic phenomenon of black markets. Black markets for products and services spring up where supply in legitimate markets is overly restricted. Just as alcohol prohibition in the US forced up the price of booze and fuelled criminal activity in the 1920s and '30s, a shortage of humanitarian visas to Australia has encouraged people smuggling. People smugglers are today's bootleggers, with tragic consequences.
The evidence shows, after all, that most people who arrive unlawfully by boat are eventually settled in Australia on protection visas - 83.3 per cent of the ''irregular maritime arrivals'' in 2009-10, according to the latest figures from the Department of Immigration.
By far the best way to smash the people smugglers' business model would be to expand the legal market for seeking asylum. It's time to accept there is a constant, and even increasing, demand by people to seek asylum in Australia.
If we want to stop the boats, the best way might be to fire up the 747 turbo engines and simply fly people here, legally and safely, in the first place. If we want to deter desperate people from making a treacherous journey, let's make it known in international refugee processing centres around the world: there is an easier path to Australia and an open door on arrival for those who follow it.
Sound radical? Perhaps the most bizarre aspect of this week's debate on asylum seekers is that there is, in fact, tri-partisan agreement on just this point.
The Opposition Leader, Tony Abbott, promised this week to increase the humanitarian intake to 20,000 within three years of forming a government. The Greens issued a press release yesterday titled ''We Can Save Lives From Today'' proposing much the same thing.
Just last month, the Minister for Immigration, Chris Bowen, told the International Association of Refugee Law Judges of his desire to progressively increase the humanitarian program to 20,000. As for why he had not already done this, Bowen cited budget constraints. Every additional 1000 humanitarian places would cost the budget $216 million. Increasing it to 20,000 would cost about $1.35 billion over the first four years.
And so it comes to this: what price asylum seekers' lives?
It's time for politicians to bite the bullet and agree to increase Australia's humanitarian intake. As a rich nation with low public debt and so much to gain from migration we cannot afford not to do so. That politicians can agree on this central point and continue to squabble among themselves is not only deeply shameful, but the ultimate sign of the deep dysfunction that prevails in our nation's Parliament.
Follow the National Times on Twitter: @NationalTimesAU
Gemma Jones, Ashlee Mullany, Stiven Pucar From: News Limited Network April 10, 2013 10:37AM A GROUP of 66 people on board a boat that sailed into Geraldton, 400 kilometres north of Perth, today are now destined for Christmas Island, according to statement from the immigration department.
It is believed to be the first boat to reach the mainland so close to Perth.Barely 430km north of Perth, the coastal centre is more than 2000km south of Christmas Island where asylum seekers coming to Australia are usually intercepted.
Despite Geraldton Port being one of Australia's busiest regional ports, the boat with 66 people aboard made it to within metres of the mainland - and was intercepted first by two local men in a dinghy.Those on board told the men they had been at sea for at least six weeks, having travelled more than 5000km to reach Geraldton, a port more used to dealing with iron ore, grains, talc, garnet and fertilisers.
The Sri Lankan passengers pulled into the harbour on their overcrowded vessel around midday (WST), stunning witnesses.The boat-load of Sri Lankan asylum seekers arrived in Geraldton around midday.
An immigration Department statement said the asylum seekers would be transferred to Christmas Island.
However it is now understood the single male asylum seekers will go to Northam's Yongah Hill detention centre, about 90km east of Perth, with families being sent to ''A-pods'' - Alternate Places of Detention - in Perth.
Authorities are unsure how the vessel reached so far south and believe the crew may have set the wrong course.
Immigration officials will make arrangements ''as soon as possible'' for their transfer to the island's detention facilities.
The boat carrying Sri Lankan asylum seekers pulled into Geraldton harbour this afternoon.
Under existing legislation, asylum seekers who reach the mainland will avoid being sent to processing centres on Nauru or Manus Island in Papua New Guinea.Federal Labor is seeking to change this, with legislation currently before the Senate.
Asylum seekers on the vessel have held up a sign saying, "We want to go to New Zealand. Please help us.''
The boat is believed to have been at sea for 44 days.It is believed the Sri Lankans want to be sent to New Zealand because the government has voluntarily and involuntarily returned about 1000 Sri Lankans since August last year.
The vessel was met by a pilot boat in Geraldton harbour with WA Police now on the scene.
"Customs and Border Protection have advised a suspected irregular entry vessel arrived within the harbour limits of Geraldton this afternoon,'' a spokesman for Home Affairs Minister Jason Clare said.
"Initial indications suggest there are 66 people on board.
"Customs and Border Protection officers and Western Australian Police are responding to the arrival.''
Geraldton Port Authority chief executive officer Peter Klein said a response team had set up a processing post for the asylum seekers.
"Police and Customs have been notified and are on the scene,'' he said.
WA Police Inspector Dominic Wood said the boat had arrived in Geraldton under its own steam.
Inspector Wood said a Customs vessel had towed the boat into harbour where it is now moored.
"We are trying to determine where the refugees are from,'' he said.
"At this time the asylum seekers are still on their vessel and are complying with police and Customs.''
WA Premier Colin Barnett said he was "alarmed" that a boat carrying asylum seekers could sail undetected into Geraldton.
"This is a serious, unprecedented and unacceptable breach of Australia’s border security," Mr Barnett said.
"That a boat, laden with people, can sail into a busy regional port in broad daylight is shocking."Geraldton Port is one of Australia's busiest regional ports and Australia’s second-largest for grain export.
"The State Government is working co-operatively with the Commonwealth on this issue and will ensure people’s welfare is being looked after."
Geraldton's waterfront Dome Cafe manager Steve Branch said customers at the cafe were shocked when the boat sailed in and "dropped anchor'' about 100 metres off-shore.
"At first I don't think people knew what it was. There were a few people that thought it might have been a protest group,'' Mr Branch said.
"But after it had been there for half an hour, a customs boat went out to it and that's when people realised 'wow, that's an asylum seeker boat'.''
Mr Branch said the vessel was "packed'' with about 50 to 60 people on the deck.
"It was an old wooden fishing boat, the same as the asylum boats you see on TV. It basically just sailed in and dropped anchor about 100m off the beach."The reaction from most people was amazement - that they had made it this far south.
"There's an awful lot of coastline between us and Broome. It's certainly something we've never seen here before."- with Ashlee Mullany